Summary: The war for independence of the Spanish colonies in America (1810-26)

\nIn the south contendd of the continent intercourse of the unify Provinces Rio de la Plata in Tucuman 9 July 1816 stated their independence. With the assent of the government of Buenos Aires, the Lusitanian invaded in expansive in the east provinces (name of the eastern rim since 1815) and assistingly meshed it. Zlomyvshy exemption chemical groups Artigas, they annexed the expanse to Brazil (1821). In primeval 1817 Andean ground forces H. de San Martin go across the Andes and 12 February frustrated the Spanish force at the affair of Chacabuco (Chile). Elected domineering ruler B. OHiggins declared independence on February 12 Chile.\n resolution of emancipation of Peru (1820-22)\nIn kinfolk 1820 Martins parade landed in Peru in July 1821 and released to a significant part of the country. Its independence was entitle in upper-case letter of Peru on July 28, simply Martin was the protector of the new(a) state. To complete the passing of Peru, he tried an d true to enlist the help of Columbia. entirely his talks with Bolivar in Guayaquil (26-27 July 1822) did not moderate in agreement, then Martin resigned to begin with the Peruvian carnal know leadge (20 September 1822), and afterwardsward went to Europe. The armed bark against the Spaniards in Peru continued.\n in the buff Spain and substitution the States (1816-24)\nIn invigorated Spain during the revolution of 1820 in metropolitan and made South the Statesn colonies there has been the farm of the press release movement. The furthertoned-down elite, headed by Iturbide, deficient to preserve the gray-headed order, was to seek insularism from the revolutionary Spain. deep down a few months the army Iturbide took just about all major centers and entered into Mexico, where September 28, 1821 was title the brass of an free Mexican Empire. In May 1822 Iturbide entitle himself Emperor Augustin I. solely the empire was short-lived, and after its snap (March 1823 ) open a landan system, enshrined in the Constitution, 1824. later independence, a descend of Spanish colonies step up violation of liberation in Guatemala captaincy-general. September 15, 1821 in his capital was announced breakup from the m opposite country. But in July 1822 Mexican Congress declared the inclusion of first harmonic the States in the empire Iturbide, and by early 1823 its annexation basically over. With the collapse of the empire of the theatrical role throng of representatives of the provinces of actor general captaincy July 1, 1823 declared the presidency of an independent national republic of the coupled Provinces of Central the States (in 1824 the penning of the fusion of Central America).\n arc of Peru and the war (1824-26)\nBy early 1824 the determination bastion of Spanish rule in the Americas remained Peru where actions ynsurhentiv led Bolivar, whose Peruvian Congress February 10 appointed dictator, pass him unlimited forces and civilian aut horities. Having form numerous cost-efficient army, August 6, 1824, he defeated the Spaniards at Junin, celestial latitude 9, their bear major group was divided army AH de Sucre in the manifestly of Ayacucho. In February 1825 the army Sucre liberated hurrying Peru. His sovereignty proclaimed August 6 Chuquisaca Constituent Assembly that gave the supreme say-so of Bolivar, in delight in of the new republic was named Bolivia. Were soon eliminated pockets of resistance of the Spaniards who remained in America in November 1825 surrendered the fort of San Juan de Ulua, (Mexico), and in January 1826 the forte of Callao and Spanish forces on the island of Chiloe.\nResults and significance\nAs a event of the War of Independence American possessions of Spain (except Cuba and Puerto Rico) got justify of colonial heaviness and became sovereign states. During the war, the commonwealth emerged: Mexican coupled States, the Federation of Central America, Colombia, Peru, Chile, Bolivia. After this deal was completed in the region of the Rio de la Plata, with the exception of Paraguay, who got independence back in 1811. United provinces of Rio de la Plata in early 1820 actually broken. scarce 6 February 1826 found congress in Buenos Aires passed a practice of law on the establishment of the general government, and on 24 December the same grade approved the physical composition of Argentina (since became cognise as the United Province of Rio de la Plata). Uruguayan patriots completely in 1828 achieved designation of their state (according to the constitution in 1830 the east Republic of Uruguay).\nAs a result of the liberation war of 1810-26 was over monopolies, restrictions and regulations, that constrictive the economic increment of the colonies created more genial conditions for attracting Spanish America to the world economy. Been abolished the summit tax and moil service of the endemic population in most countries abolished slavery. In states tha t have re-emerged scripting republican, parliamentary system and follow a constitution. equally important were the closing of the Inquisition, the abolition of titles of magnificence and feudal other attributes. The war for independence was of essentially anti-colonial geek of the revolution. It has not led (with rare exceptions) to fundamental changes in socio-economic building of the countries of Spanish America, but stimulated the produce of national soul accelerated the organisation and consolidation of the Spanish-American nations.\n