Chemosynthesis :: essays research papers fc

IntroductionSynthesis is the process of producing a chemical compound usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds. For example, depictionsynthesis, the word photo means putting together with light. Photosynthesis is the process of converting sunlight into pabulum for complete organisms such as plants. Photosynthesis is the basis of life for planet earth and without it non only would we not be able to produce the fruits and vegetables that we consume, but the food to feed the animals that we eat. Plants absorb this sunlight which in turn makes oxygen in a process called respiration. This delicate cycle is what allows us to thrive on this planet. Although much of the life on this planet relies on photosynthesis in whiz way or another, there is another form of synthesis that is evenly as important, chemosynthesis.The deep sea is considered the largest, yet, least-known habitat on earth and covers close to two-thirds of the earth. Every year, and every dive down to the m ysterious depths of the deep-sea shoot down scientist closer and closer to unraveling the secrets of the unimaginable deep. This is where chemosynthesis takes place because there is no sunlight available in order for photosynthesis to take place.How hydrothermal vents workIn 1977, in the Galapagos Islands, the first hydrothermal vents were found. Using a submersible called the Alvin, scientist were able to explore this unknown region world never known to have personifyed for the first time. Hydrothermal vents are lamp chimney like structures on the ocean floor that release extremely hot, mineral rich piddle. This process is called Hydrothermal Circulation. Ocean water seeps into the earth, becoming increasingly hotter as it descends downward. As the water passes through the cracks of the earth, it is becoming enriched with metals and minerals until finally turning to a very acidic fluid. When the super heated water reaches about 700&730F (400&730C), the fluid rises and bursts th rough cracks in the sea floor. The super heated water mixing with the cold sea water causes a chemical reply and forms particles of metal sulfide to cloud the water. The pieces of metal settle around the orbit of the crack, and over time, collect to form the chimneys of black smokers. One would assume that at the very bottom of the ocean, in 700&730F waters, that nothing could possibly exist here. Surprisingly, over 300 strange and unique species thrive only in these conditions.What lives near hydrothermal vents?